Aims This review aims to provide an update on the role of augmented reality (AR) in surgical
training and investigate whether the use of AR improves performance measures compared …

Background Augmented reality (AR) has become a promising tool in neurosurgery. It can
minimise the anatomical challenges faced by conventional endoscopic or microscopic …

Objective The recent development of extended reality technology has attracted interest in
medicine. We explored the use of patient-specific virtual reality (VR) and mixed reality (MR) …

Objective Preoperative planning for otologic or neurotologic procedures often requires
manual segmentation of relevant structures, which can be tedious and time‐consuming …

Purpose Endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) has been recognized as an effective treatment
modality for paranasal sinus diseases. Over the past decade, continuum robots (CRs) for …

Background In recent years, numerous innovative yet challenging surgeries, such as
minimally invasive procedures, have introduced an overwhelming amount of new …

Purpose To evaluate manual and automatic registration times and registration accuracies on
HoloLens 2 for aligning a 3D CT phantom model onto a CT grid, a crucial step for intuitive …

Background Endoscopic endonasal surgery is an established minimally invasive technique
for resecting pituitary adenomas. However, understanding orientation and identifying critical …

Background This systematic review aims to critically appraise the intraoperative use of
augmented and mixed reality technology to improve surgical outcomes. Method A literature …

Objective Segmentation, the partitioning of patient imaging into multiple, labeled segments,
has several potential clinical benefits but when performed manually is tedious and resource …