The monovalent methyl group is derived from methane through the removal of a hydrogen
atom, 1 and its etymology is directly related to the discovery of methanol. 2 The first reports …

Cyanobacteria have adapted to survive in a variety of environments and have been found
globally. Toxin-producing cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms (CHABs) have been …

The incidence of harmful algal blooms (HABs) is increasing in the United States and
worldwide. HAB toxins cause a substantial but unquantified amount of human and animal …

The synapse is a localized neurohumoral contact between a neuron and an effector cell and
may be considered the quantum of fast intercellular communication. Analogously, the …

Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) have long been considered to solely mediate
neurotransmission. However, their widespread distribution in the human body suggests a …

Neurons communicate through chemical synapses and electrical synapses (gap junctions).
Although these two types of synapses often coexist between neurons, little is known about …

Pharmacology started to develop into a real quantitative science in 1909, when AV Hill
derived the Langmuir equation in the course of his studies on nicotine and curare. A history …

Total internal reflection excitation used in combination with fluorescence correlation
spectroscopy (TIR-FCS) is a method for characterizing the dynamic behavior and absolute …

This study presents data suggesting that both human mesothelioma (cell lines and human
mesothelioma biopsies) and human normal mesothelial cells express receptors for …

High-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provides non-invasive images of retinal
anatomy, physiology, and function with depth-resolved laminar resolution. Eye movement …