Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a severe genetic blood disorder characterized by hemolytic
anemia, episodic vaso-occlusion, and progressive organ damage. Current management of …

Sickle cell disease is an inherited disorder of hemoglobin (Hb) synthesis, caused by a single
nucleotide substitution (GTG> GAG) at the sixth codon of the β-globin gene, leading to the …

Inflammation, cell adhesion to vascular endothelium, and endothelial injury contribute to
sickle cell anemia (SCA) vaso-occlusion. Although alterations in inflammatory cytokines and …

High levels of free heme are found in pathological states of increased hemolysis, such as
sickle cell disease, malaria, and ischemia reperfusion. The hemolytic events are often …

Sickle cell anemia (HbSS) is characterized by hypermetabolism, chronic inflammation, and
increased oxidative stress, but the relationship between these factors is undefined. In this …

Introduction Stem cell therapy with bone marrow-derived mononuclear cells (BMMCs) is an
option for improving joint function in osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH). Bone …

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and TGF-
in sickle cell disease (SCD) patients, and to compare the results during vaso-occlusive crisis …

Sickle cell anemia (SCA) pathophysiology is characterized by the activation of sickle red
blood cells, reticulocytes, leukocytes, platelets, and endothelial cells, and with the …

The chronic inflammatory state in sickle cell anemia (SCA) is associated with several factors
such as the following: endothelial damage; increased production of reactive oxygen species; …

Background Heart failure is one of the serious cardiovascular diseases, which poses a
global pandemic and places a heavy burden on health care systems worldwide. The …