Quorum sensing (QS), a microbial cell-to-cell communication process, dynamically regulates
a variety of metabolism and physiological activities. In this review, we provide an update on …

ClpXP is a AAA+ protease that uses the energy of ATP binding and hydrolysis to perform
mechanical work during targeted protein degradation within cells. ClpXP consists of …

Cell-free protein synthesis is becoming a powerful technique to construct and to study
complex informational processes in vitro. Engineering synthetic gene circuits in a test tube …

The AAA+ superfamily of ATPases, which contain a homologous ATPase module, are found
in all kingdoms of living organisms where they participate in diverse cellular processes …

The small number of reactant molecules involved in gene regulation can lead to significant
fluctuations in intracellular mRNA and protein concentrations, and there have been …

We introduce a nonintrusive method exploiting single-cell variability after cell division to
validate protein localization. We found that Clp proteases, widely reported to form …

Toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems are ubiquitous on bacterial chromosomes, yet the mechanisms
regulating their activity and the molecular targets of toxins remain incompletely defined …

The proteasome is the main ATP-dependent protease in eukaryotic cells and controls the
concentration of many regulatory proteins in the cytosol and nucleus. Proteins are targeted …

Protein degradation plays a central role in many cellular functions. Misfolded and damaged
proteins are removed from the cell to avoid toxicity. The concentrations of regulatory proteins …

Regulated proteolysis is a vital process that affects all living things. Bacteria use energy-
dependent AAA+ proteases to power degradation of misfolded and native regulatory …