The Calcium-Sensing Receptor (CaSR) is a member of the class C of G-proteins coupled
receptors (GPCRs), it plays a pivotal role in calcium homeostasis by directly controlling …

There is evidence from both observational studies and clinical trials that calcium malnutrition
and hypovitaminosis D are predisposing conditions for various common chronic diseases. In …

Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) is a pleiotropic cytokine that becomes elevated in chronic
inflammatory states such as hypertension and diabetes and has been found to mediate both …

The discovery of a G protein–coupled, calcium-sensing receptor (CaR) a decade ago and of
diseases caused by CaR mutations provided unquestionable evidence of the CaR's critical …

A compromised vitamin D status, characterized by low 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-(OH) D)
serum levels, and a nutritional calcium deficit are widely encountered in European and …

The identification of genes causing inherited kidney diseases yielded crucial insights in the
molecular basis of disease and improved our understanding of physiological processes that …

The thick ascending limb of Henle's loop is a nephron segment that is vital to the formation of
dilute and concentrated urine. This ability is accomplished by a consortium of functionally …

Through a systematic search in Pubmed for literature, on links between calcium malnutrition
and risk of chronic diseases, we found the highest degree of evidence for osteoporosis …

The extracellular calcium (Ca _ o^ 2+)-sensing receptor (CaSR) was the first GPCR
identified whose principal physiological ligand is an ion, namely extracellular Ca 2+. It …

Nitric oxide (NO) produced by endothelial cells diffuses to vascular smooth muscle cells to
cause dilatation of the renal vasculature and other vessels. Although it is generally assumed …