Mammals co-exist with resident microbial ecosystem that is composed of an incredible
number and diversity of bacteria, viruses and fungi. Owing to direct contact between resident …

In pathogenic simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) and human immunodeficiency virus
(HIV) infections, the translocation of microbial products from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract to …

Combination antiretroviral therapy for HIV infection improves immune function and
eliminates the risk of AIDS-related complications but does not restore full health. HIV …

Antiretroviral therapy can reduce HIV-1 to undetectable levels in peripheral blood, but the
effectiveness of treatment in suppressing replication in lymphoid tissue reservoirs has not …

HIV infection has transitioned from an acute, fatal disease to a chronic one managed by
antiretroviral therapy. Thus, the aging population of people living with HIV (PLWH) continues …

A high-fat diet (HFD) induces metabolic disease and low-grade metabolic inflammation in
response to changes in the intestinal microbiota through as-yet-unknown mechanisms …

Despite complete or near‐complete suppression of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
replication with combination antiretroviral therapy, both HIV and chronic …

Systemic immune activation is increased in HIV-infected individuals, even in the setting of
virus suppression with antiretroviral therapy. Although numerous factors may contribute …

The advent of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) has significantly improved the
prognosis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals. However, individuals …

Altered interplay between gut mucosa and microbiota during treated HIV infection may
possibly contribute to increased bacterial translocation and chronic immune activation, both …