Introduction: Cortisol effects on the brain are exerted through two distinct receptors, inducing
complex and even opposite effects on the cerebral structures implicated in the various …

While post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is currently diagnosed based solely on classic
psychological and behavioral symptoms, a growing body of evidence has highlighted a link …

The central nervous system is lined by meninges, classically known as dura, arachnoid, and
pia mater. We show the existence of a fourth meningeal layer that compartmentalizes the …

Chronic psychosocial stress is increasingly being recognised as a risk factor for sporadic
Alzheimer's disease (AD). The hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis (HPA axis) is the major …

BackgroundPost-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has been identified as a potential risk
factor for developing dementia. There are currently, however, no meta-analyses quantifying …

Importance Green space can decelerate cognitive decline by supporting physical activity,
psychological restoration, or reducing exposure to air pollution. However, existing studies on …

Background Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has been reported to increase the risk for
dementia in veterans and civilians. Conversely, case reports have described the delayed …

Importance Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has been associated with increased risk
for dementia. Less is known, however, about other stress-related disorders and their …

Background Depression, anxiety and PTSD appear to be linked to dementia, but it is unclear
whether they are risk factors (causal or prodromal) for, comorbid with, or sequelae to …

Stress exposure and stress reactivity may be potent factors associated with increased risk of
dementia. The 2017 Lancet Commission on Dementia and its 2020 update reviewed …