Sleep spindles are burstlike signals in the electroencephalogram (EEG) of the sleeping
mammalian brain and electrical surface correlates of neuronal oscillations in thalamus. As …

Sleep remains one of the most mysterious yet ubiquitous animal behaviors. We review
current perspectives on the neural systems that regulate sleep/wake states in mammals and …

Brain activity during sleep is characterized by circuit-specific oscillations, including slow
waves, spindles and theta waves, which are nested in thalamocortical or hippocampal …

Abstract The Electrophysiology Professional Interest Area (EPIA) and Global Brain
Consortium endorsed recommendations on candidate electroencephalography (EEG) …

During even the most quiescent behavioral periods, the cortex and thalamus express rich
spontaneous activity in the form of slow (< 1 Hz), synchronous network state transitions …

Highlights•The midline and sensory thalami exhibit a dichotomy in sleep-wake control.•The
thalamus, including RTN acts as integrator of sub-cortical sleep wake inputs.•Frontally …

General anesthesia (GA) is a reversible drug-induced state of altered arousal required for
more than 60,000 surgical procedures each day in the United States alone. Sedation and …

Highlights•Neural oscillations provide a framework for comparing general anesthesia and
sleep.•Anesthetic drugs do not induce the physiological neural oscillations of sleep.•Non …

A hallmark of non-rapid eye movement sleep is the coordinated interplay of slow oscillations
(SOs) and sleep spindles. Traditionally, a cortico-thalamo-cortical loop is suggested to …

In the idling brain, neuronal circuits transition between periods of sustained firing (UP state)
and quiescence (DOWN state), a pattern the mechanisms of which remain unclear. Here we …