The human genome contains thousands of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), which are thought to
lack open reading frames (ORFs) and cannot be translated. Some ncRNAs reportedly have …

The cardiac benefits of exercise have been recognized for centuries. Studies have
undisputedly shown that regular exercise is beneficial for the cardiovascular system in …

Ribosome profiling has revealed pervasive but largely uncharacterized translation outside of
canonical coding sequences (CDSs). In this work, we exploit a systematic CRISPR-based …

Gene expression in human tissue has primarily been studied on the transcriptional level,
largely neglecting translational regulation. Here, we analyze the translatomes of 80 human …

Translated small open reading frames (smORFs) can have important regulatory roles and
encode microproteins, yet their genome-wide identification has been challenging. We …

Emerging evidence has shown that open reading frames inside long noncoding RNAs
(lncRNAs) could encode micropeptides. However, their roles in cellular energy metabolism …

Background Human skeletal muscle is composed of three major fiber types, referred to as
type 1, 2A, and 2X fibers. This heterogeneous cellular composition complicates the …

Translation is pervasive outside of canonical coding regions, occurring in long noncoding
RNAs, canonical untranslated regions and introns,,–, especially in ageing …

The precise regulation of gene expression is fundamental to neurodevelopment, plasticity
and cognitive function. Although several studies have profiled transcription in the developing …

Short ORFs (sORFs), that is, occurrences of a start and stop codon within 100 codons or
less, can be found in organisms of all domains of life, outnumbering annotated protein …