Cortical networks are composed of glutamatergic excitatory projection neurons and local
GABAergic inhibitory interneurons that gate signal flow and sculpt network dynamics …

Background Neuronal networks in the brain include glutamatergic principal neurons and
GABAergic interneurons (GABA, γ-aminobutyric acid). The latter may be a minority cell type …

Recent success in identifying gene-regulatory elements in the context of recombinant adeno-
associated virus vectors has enabled cell-type-restricted gene expression. However, within …

Absence seizures in children and teenagers are generally considered relatively benign
because of their non-convulsive nature and the large incidence of remittance in early …

GABAergic interneurons, which are highly diverse, have long been thought to contribute to
the timing of neural activity as well as to the generation and shaping of brain rhythms …

Epileptic seizures represent dysfunctional neural networks dominated by excessive and/or
hypersynchronous activity. Recent progress in the field has outlined two concepts regarding …

Fast-spiking, inhibitory interneurons–prototype is the parvalbumin-positive (PV+) basket cell–
generate action potentials at high frequency and synchronize the activity of numerous …

Haploinsufficiency of the voltage-gated sodium channel NaV1. 1 causes Dravet syndrome,
an intractable developmental epilepsy syndrome with seizure onset in the first year of life …

Subjective tinnitus is the conscious perception of sound in the absence of any acoustic
source. The literature suggests various tinnitus mechanisms, most of which invoke changes …

CACNA1A loss-of-function mutations classically present as episodic ataxia type 2 (EA2),
with brief episodes of ataxia and nystagmus, or with progressive spinocerebellar ataxia …