In recent years, chronic overnutrition, such as consumption of a high-fat diet (HFD), has
been increasingly viewed as a significant modifiable risk factor for diseases such as …

The last decade has witnessed an exponentially growing interest in gut microbiota and the
gut-brain axis in health and disease. Accumulating evidence from preclinical and clinical …

The phenylalanine–tyrosine–dopa–dopamine pathway provides dopamine to the brain. In
this process, tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) is the rate-limiting enzyme that hydroxylates tyrosine …

Aging has been linked to several degenerative processes that, through the accumulation of
molecular and cellular damage, can progressively lead to cell dysfunction and organ failure …

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia associated with a
progressive neurodegenerative disorder, with a prevalence of 44 million people throughout …

In this fast-food era, people depend on ready-made foods and engage in minimal physical
activities that ultimately change their food habits. Majorities of such foods have harmful …

Recent work has suggested that exercise may be beneficial in preventing or ameliorating
symptoms of several neurological disorders, although the mechanism is not entirely …

The pathology of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is highly correlated with obesity-induced insulin
resistance. Resveratrol (Res) is a natural phenol that demonstrates a neuroprotective effect …

Found in all organisms, pyruvate dehydrogenase complexes (PDC) are the keystones of
prokaryotic and eukaryotic energy metabolism. In eukaryotic organisms these multi …

Obesity is a global pandemic associated with macro-and microvascular endothelial
dysfunction. Microvascular endothelial dysfunction has recently emerged as a significant risk …