To confer resistance against pathogens and pests in plants, typically dominant resistance
genes are deployed. However, because resistance is based on recognition of a single …

Root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) represent one of the most polyphagous genera of
plant-parasitic nematodes. To date, close to 100 valid species are recognized. In contrast to …

Plant-parasitic nematodes are costly burdens of crop production. Ubiquitous in nature,
phytoparasitic nematodes are associated with nearly every important agricultural crop and …

Plant-parasitic nematodes (PPNs), such as root-knot nematodes (RKNs) and cyst
nematodes (CNs), are among the most devastating pests in agriculture. RKNs and CNs …

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are obligate root symbionts that can protect their host
plant against biotic stress factors such as plant-parasitic nematode (PPN) infection. PPN …

Highlights•Plant-parasitic nematode (PPN) effectors are often involved host defense
suppression.•Secreted effector proteins may be found in large, diverse gene …

Plant-parasitic nematodes spend much of their lives inside or in contact with host tissue, and
molecular interactions constantly occur and shape the outcome of parasitism. Eggs of these …

Phytonematodes use a stylet and secreted effectors to modify host cells and ingest nutrients
to support their growth and development. The molecular function of nematode effectors is …

Sedentary endoparasitic nematodes, such as root-knot nematodes (RKN; Meloidogyne spp.)
and cyst nematodes (CN; Heterodera spp. and Globodera spp.) cause considerable …

Plant-parasitic nematodes are destructive pests causing losses of billions of dollars
annually. An effective plant defence against pathogens relies on the recognition of pathogen …