Soils form as a product of physical, chemical, and biological activity at the outermost veneer
of Earth's surface. Once buried and incorporated into the sedimentary record, these soils …

Abstract The Eocene Las Flores and Koluel-Kaike formations in southern Patagonia (~ 48°
S, Golfo San Jorge Basin, Argentina) are pedogenically modified fluvial and fluvio-eolian …

Abstract The late Miocene Ogallala Formation hosts much of the High Plains aquifer of North
America, though it is poorly studied in the central High Plains region where only a small …

Soil pH is essential for understanding weathering, nutrient availability, and biological-
edaphic relationships. However, standard pH measurement on soils requires friable …

C 4-grasslands are known to have first expanded globally in the Late Miocene, and recent
research has hinted at a second expansion phase during the Early Pliocene; however, the …

The bulk elemental composition of soil subsurface (B) horizons is influenced by
environmental, biological, geological, and climatic factors. Because fossil soils (paleosols) …

The pedogenic features of Holocene paleosols and their paleoclimatic significance in the
arid upper Minjiang River valley of the eastern Tibetan Plateau, southwest China, were …

Recent developments in fluvial geomorphology and sedimentology suggest that fluvial fans
(also known as distributive fluvial systems) could be responsible for the accumulation of …

The origin of the African savanna has been traced back to 10–6 million years (Ma) ago, but
the mechanisms driving its evolution are hotly debated, and include global atmospheric CO …

Earth's changing climates, landscapes, and atmospheres are recorded in paleosols, which
form in the Earth's critical zone by interactions between the lithosphere/pedosphere …