This study reviews and categorises ports' technical and operational measures to reduce
greenhouse gas emission and improve energy efficiency. Through a systematic review, both …

To meet environmental goals while maintaining economic competitiveness, worldwide ports
have increased the amount of renewable energy production and have focused in optimizing …

Cold ironing is the process of providing shorepower to cover the energy demands of ships
calling at ports. This technological solution can eliminate the emissions of auxiliary engines …

This research work attempts to review and compare the available scientific literature, to
identify several crucial research opportunities, and to achieve the challenge of putting the …

This article discusses possible strategies for decarbonizing the energy systems of an
existing port. The approach consists in creating a complete superstructure that includes the …

The reduction of emissions in harbours is of particular importance due to the proximity to
human habitation. Vessels normally run onboard generators, typically using diesel fuel, to …

The maritime sector is under pressure to find solutions that alleviate its environmental
footprint, due to its contribution to global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions (Zis, 2019) …

Cold ironing represents an effective solution to remove air-polluting emissions from ports.
The high voltage shore connection (HVSC) system is the key enabling facility that allows …

Nowadays, different vessel types are mostly operating on diesel generators employing
cheap quality fuel, thus causing many types of air pollutions during a stay at the harbour …

The paper proposes an optimal management strategy for a Smart Port equipped with
renewable generation and composed by an electrified quay, operating Cold-Ironing, and a …