Prey refuge from predators can play an important role in stabilising an ecological system by
reducing interactions between species, while Allee effects can arise from a range of …

We proposed and analyzed a predator–prey model with both the additive Allee effect and
the fear effect in the prey. Firstly, we studied the existence and local stability of equilibria …

Studying predator–prey interactions with the help of mathematical modeling is helpful in
understanding the mechanism, making informed decisions about their management and …

Since intraguild predation (IGP) is a ubiquitous and important community module in nature
and Allee effect has strong impact on population dynamics, in this paper we propose a three …

Allee effect is one of the important factors in ecology, and taking it into account can cause
significant impacts in the system dynamics. In this paper, we study the dynamics of a two …

This study investigates some analytic solutions and phase portraits to the diffusive predator-
prey system in studying the spatiotemporal dynamics of a predator-prey community in …

Ecosystems are profoundly affected by the predator–prey relationship. During foraging, prey
animals balance food and safety demands, and adopt anti-predator behaviors to increase …

In the context of prey–predator interaction, Allee effect can have a significant impact and
capture the complex dynamics in ecology. In this work, we modify the predator–prey model …

A natural food web system involves a diverse community of natural enemies and one of the
widespread and common phenomena of such systems is intraguild predation (IGP)(ie …

In this paper, we establish a predator–prey model with focus on the Allee effect and prey
group defense. The positivity and boundedness of the model, existence of equilibrium point …