Inflammation is an integral part of the body's physiological repair mechanism, unless it
remains unresolved and becomes pathological, as evident in the progressive nature of …

The retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) are the output cells of the retina into the brain. In
mammals, these cells are not able to regenerate their axons after optic nerve injury, leaving …

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by plaque formation, neuronal loss, and cognitive
decline. The functions of the local and systemic immune response in this disease are still …

Microglia are the main immune cells in the brain, playing a role in both physiological and
pathological conditions. Microglial involvement in neurodegenerative diseases is well …

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a common, incurable, and progressive dementia, characterized
by loss of learning and memory and the neuropathologic accumulation of amyloid plaques …

Experimental and clinical data have demonstrated that activating the immune system in the
CNS can be destructive. However, other studies have shown that enhancing an immune …

The death of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) is a hallmark of many retinal neuropathies.
Neuroprotection, axonal regeneration, and cell renewal are vital for the integrity of the visual …

We have recently shown that the ability of microglia to effectively fight off aggregated β‐
amyloid plaque formation and cognitive loss in transgenic mouse models of Alzheimer's …

Background Innate neuroimmune dysfunction is a pathobiological feature of amyotrophic
lateral sclerosis (ALS). However, links, if any, between disease and adaptive immunity are …

Pathogenic mechanisms of T cells in several central nervous system (CNS) disorders are
well-established. However, more recent studies have uncovered compelling beneficial roles …