Recent world events, such as the rise of hypermasculine authoritarian leaders, have shown
the importance of both sex and gender for understanding international politics. However …

In the 20th century, international security studies have focused on the behaviour of states in
the international system and on the conflicts between states. What security studies have …

Conflict economics contributes to an understanding of violent conflict and peace in two
important ways. First, it applies economic concepts and models to help one understand …

This volume explores the nature of civil war in the modern world and in historical
perspective. Civil wars represent the principal form of armed conflict since the end of the …

In this article, we examine the involvement of state and nonstate actors in gray-zone conflict
and their relationship to hybrid warfare and the implications for conflict management. The …

Security studies privileges the study of civil wars in some contexts over others. The field's
leading journals mostly publish studies of armed conflicts in Africa, Eastern Europe, and the …

In 2004, an unlikely combination of rural insurgent groups and urban gangs fought over the
fate of President Aristide and brought Haiti to the brink of civil war. Ten years on, the country …

This article uses the Country Indicators for Foreign Policy (CIFP) fragile states framework to
evaluate fragile state transitions. Our objective is to find out why some states considered …

Why do people persist in supporting torture—and can they be persuaded to change their
minds? Erin M. Kearns and Joseph K. Young draw upon a novel series of group …

Violence during war often involves upswings and downturns that have, to date, been
insufficiently explained. Why does violence at a particular point in time increase in intensity …