Abstract The cytokine interleukin-12 (IL-12) was thought to have a central role in T cell–
mediated responses in inflammation for more than a decade after it was first identified …

Mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial disease (MSMD) is a rare condition characterized
by predisposition to clinical disease caused by weakly virulent mycobacteria, such as BCG …

There are 9 million cases of active tuberculosis reported annually; however, an estimated
one-third of the world's population is infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis and remains …

ISG15 is an interferon (IFN)-α/β–inducible, ubiquitin-like intracellular protein. Its conjugation
to various proteins (ISGylation) contributes to antiviral immunity in mice. Here, we describe …

Abstract Purpose Primary immunodeficiency diseases (PIDs) comprise at least 176
hereditary disorders that are thought to be individually and collectively rare. The actual …

Inherited IL-12Rβ1 and TYK2 deficiencies impair both IL-12–and IL-23–dependent IFN-γ
immunity and are rare monogenic causes of tuberculosis, each found in less than 1/600,000 …

This paper reviews the developments that have occurred in the field of human genetics of
infectious diseases from the second half of the 20th century onward. In particular, it stresses …

It was first demonstrated in the late nineteenth century that human deaths from fever were
typically due to infections. As the germ theory gained ground, it replaced the old, unproven …

Tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb) and a few related
mycobacteria, is a devastating disease, killing more than a million individuals per year …

The life span of patients with primary and secondary immunodeficiency is increasing due to
recent improvements in therapeutic strategies. While the incidence of primary …