Modes and manifestations of the explosive activity in the Earth's magnetotail, as well as its
onset mechanisms and key pre-onset conditions are reviewed. Two mechanisms for the …

In this paper, the particle acceleration processes around magnetotail dipolarization fronts
(DFs) were reviewed. We summarize the spacecraft observations (including Cluster …

We report THEMIS observations of a dipolarization front, a sharp, large‐amplitude increase
in the Z‐component of the magnetic field. The front was detected in the central plasma sheet …

Using Time History of Events and Macroscale Interactions during Substorms observations
from four tail seasons, we study the three‐dimensional structure of the dipolarization front …

We discuss results of a superposed epoch analysis of dipolarization fronts, rapid (δt< 30 s),
high‐amplitude (δBz> 10 nT) increases in the northward magnetic field component …

Earth's magnetotail contains magnetic energy derived from the kinetic energy of the solar
wind. Conversion of that energy back to particle energy ultimately powers Earth's auroras …

The mechanism that produces energetic electrons during magnetic reconnection is poorly
understood. This is a fundamental process responsible for stellar flares,, substorms,, and …

Using three‐dimensional MHD simulations of magnetic reconnection in the magnetotail, we
investigate the fate of earthward bursty bulk flows (BBFs). The flow bursts are identified as …

Dipolarization fronts (DFs) are frequently detected in the Earth's magnetotail from XGSM=−
30 RE to XGSM=− 7 RE. How these DFs are formed is still poorly understood. Three …

The occurrence rate of earthward‐propagating dipolarization fronts (DFs) is investigated in
this paper based on the 9 years (2001–2009) of Cluster 1 data. For the first time, we select …