Membrane proteins play a most important part in metabolism, signaling, cell motility,
transport, development, and many other biochemical and biophysical processes which …

The superfamily of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) mediates a wide range of
physiological responses and serves as an important category of drug targets. Earlier …

Opsin, the rhodopsin apoprotein, was recently shown to be an ATP-independent flippase (or
scramblase) that equilibrates phospholipids across photoreceptor disc membranes in …

Most animals possess multiple opsins which sense light for visual and non-visual functions.
Here, we show spectral characteristics of non-visual opsins, vertebrate Opn3s, which are …

Fluorescence spectroscopy has become an established tool at the interface of biology,
chemistry and physics because of its exquisite sensitivity and recent technical …

Membrane proteins mediate a number of cellular functions and are associated with several
diseases and also play a crucial role in pathogenicity. Due to their importance in cellular …

Rhodopsin is the light receptor in rod photoreceptor cells of the retina that initiates scotopic
vision. In the dark, rhodopsin is bound to the chromophore 11-cis retinal, which locks the …

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are surprisingly flexible molecules that can do much
more than simply turn on G proteins. Some even exhibit biased signaling, wherein the same …

G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are ubiquitous sensors and regulators of cellular
functions. Each GPCR exists in complex aggregates with multiple resting and active …

Tryptophan-induced quenching of fluorophores (TrIQ) uses intramolecular fluorescence
quenching to assess distances in proteins too small (< 15 Å) to be easily probed by …