Ocean and coastal ecosystems support life on Earth and many aspects of human well-being.
Covering two-thirds of the planet, the ocean hosts vast biodiversity and modulates the global …

The oceans are taking up over one million tons of fossil CO 2 per hour, resulting in
increased p CO 2 and declining pH, leading to ocean acidification (OA). At the same time …

Ocean acidification and warming are two of the many threats to coral reefs worldwide, and
Caribbean reef-building corals are especially vulnerable. However, even within the …

Ocean acidification—decreasing oceanic pH resulting from the uptake of excess
atmospheric CO2—has the potential to affect marine life in the future. Among the possible …

Oceans have the capacity to absorb large amounts of carbon dioxide (CO 2) because CO 2
dissolves and reacts in seawater to form bicarbonate (HCO 3−) and protons (H+). About a …

Coral reef community composition, function, and resilience have been altered by natural and
anthropogenic stressors. Future anthropogenic ocean and coastal acidification (together …

Coastal biota is exposed to continuous environmental variability as a consequence of
natural and anthropogenic processes. Responding to heterogeneous conditions requires …

The interactive effects of ocean acidification (OA) and copper (Cu) ions on the mussel
Mytilus galloprovincialis are not well understood. The underlying mechanisms also remain …

Mytilus edulis is a commercially and ecologically important species found along the east
coast of the United States. Ecologically, M. edulis improves water quality through filtration …

Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) have a keystone role in the Southern Ocean, as the
primary prey of Antarctic predators. Decreases in krill abundance could result in a major …