Much evidence indicates that, after learning, memories are created by alterations in
glutamate-dependent excitatory synaptic transmission. These modifications are then actively …

Neurons in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) function as part of a central timing circuit that
drives daily changes in our behaviour and underlying physiology. A hallmark feature of SCN …

The hippocampus is one of a group of remarkable structures embedded within the brain's
medial temporal lobe. Long known to be important for memory, it has been a prime focus of …

Low voltage-activated (T-type) calcium currents are observed in many central and peripheral
neurons and display distinct physiological and functional properties. Using in situ …

Fear conditioning is a form of associative learning in which subjects come to express
defense responses to a neutral conditioned stimulus (CS) that is paired with an aversive …

Transient rises in the cytoplasmic concentration of calcium ions serve as second messenger
signals that control many neuronal functions. Selective triggering of these functions is …

The effect of the fluorescent Ca2+ indicator dye Fura-2 on Ca2+ dynamics was studied in
proximal apical dendrites of neocortical layer V and hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons in …

1. We have used dendrite‐attached patch‐clamp techniques to record single Na+ and Ca2+
channel activity from the apical dendrites (up to 350 microns away from soma) of CA1 …

The propagation and integration of signals in the dendrites of pyramidal neurons is
regulated, in part, by the distribution and biophysical properties of voltage-gated ion …

Gene expression regulated by the cAMP response element (CRE) has been implicated in
synaptic plasticity and long-term memory. It has been proposed that CRE-mediated gene …