It has been well established that specific alterations in members of the ras gene family, H-
ras, K-ras and N-ras, can convert them into active oncogenes. These alterations are either …

Epithelial cell carcinogenesis involves the loss of cell polarity, alteration of polarized protein
presentation, dynamic cell morphology changes, increased proliferation, and increased cell …

A single genetic alteration, a guanine-to-cytosine transversion, is responsible for the
acquisition of malignant properties by K-ras genes of two human tumor cell lines established …

Vertebrate genomes contain proto-oncogenes whose enhanced expression or alteration by
mutation seems to be involved in the development of naturally occurring tumours1, 2. These …

Each of nine mammary carcinomas induced by a single injection of nitroso-methylurea into
50-day-old Buf/N female rats, contained a transforming H-ras-1 gene. Molecular …

Fifty-one primary human breast tumors were analyzed for amplification of the c-erbB-2
protooncogene. Thirteen (25%) of the DNA samples contained multiple gene copies …

Utilizing DNA transfection analysis1 with the continuous NIH 3T3 cell line as assay cell2,
we3 and others4, 5 have observed that as many as 10–50% of human haematopoietic …

The Philadelphia chromosome (Ph1), observed in greater than 90% of chronic myelogenous
leukemia (CML) patients, results from a specific chromosomal translocation involving the c …

In vitro DNA amplification followed by oligonucleotide dot blot analysis were used to study
RAS gene mutations in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Fifty-two presentation AML DNAs …

DNAs from four out of five patients with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) tested by an in vivo
selection assay in nude mice using transfected mouse NIH 3T3 cells were found to contain …