Crop adaptation to climate change is in a part attributed to epigenetic mechanisms which
are related to response to abiotic and biotic stresses. Although recent studies increased our …

Environmental stresses, such as drought, have negative effects on crop yield. Drought is a
stress whose impact tends to increase in some critical regions. However, the worldwide …

Background Plants memorize previous pathogen attacks and are “primed” to produce a
faster and stronger defense response, which is critical for defense against pathogens. In …

The domestication process in grapevines has facilitated the fixation of desired traits.
Nowadays, vegetative propagation through cuttings enables easier preservation of these …

Abstract Changes in epigenetic states can allow individuals to cope with environmental
changes. If such changes are heritable, this may lead to epigenetic adaptation. Thus, it is …

Humans have used grafting for more than 4000 years to improve plant production, through
physically joining two different plants, which can continue to grow as a single organism …

Highlights•Factors beyond the coding sequence of genes contribute to trait variation in
crops.•Non-genic factors include epigenetic modifications and cis-regulatory elements.•DNA …

Many threatened plants have low genetic diversity, which may reduce their capacity for
genetically based adaptation, increasing their extinction risk. Non‐genetic variation (eg …

As the global population continues to grow, food demand will be reaching levels which
current agricultural practices cannot meet. This projected demand combined with the …

The growing demand for food and feed crops in the world because of growing population
and more extreme weather events requires high‐yielding and resilient crops. Many …