Aberrant patterns of brain functional connectivity in the default mode network (DMN) have
been observed across different classes of substance use disorder (SUD) and are associated …

Alterations in brain intrinsic activity—as organized in resting-state networks (RSNs) such as
sensorimotor network (SMN), salience network (SN), and default-mode network (DMN) …

The world is aging and, as the elderly population increases, age-related cognitive decline
emerges as a major concern. Neuroimaging techniques, such as functional magnetic …

Anxiety often is studied as a stand-alone construct in laboratory models. But in the context of
coping with real-life anxiety, its negative impacts extend beyond aversive feelings and …

Learning and executive functions such as task-switching share common neural substrates,
notably prefrontal cortex and basal ganglia. Understanding how they interact requires …

We often change our decisions and judgments to conform with normative group behavior.
However, the neural mechanisms of social conformity remain unclear. Here we show, using …

Anhedonia, the reduced propensity to experience pleasure, is a promising endophenotype
and vulnerability factor for several psychiatric disorders, including depression and …

Striatal dopamine (DA) is thought to code for learned associations between cues and
reinforcers and to mediate approach behavior toward a reward. Less is known about the …

The anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) has been the focus of intense research interest in recent
years. Although separate theories relate ACC function variously to conflict monitoring …

The brain faces various computational tradeoffs, such as the stability-flexibility dilemma. The
major ascending neuromodulatory systems are well suited to dynamically regulate these …