The intestinal mucosal barrier, also referred to as intestinal barrier, is widely recognized as a
critical player in gut homeostasis maintenance as it ensures the complex crosstalk between …

Claudins are cell–cell adhesion molecules located at the tight junctions (TJs) between cells
in epithelial cell sheets. The claudin family in mammals consists of 27 four-transmembrane …

Background and Aim: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a complex and heterogeneous
disorder. Sensory, motor and barrier dysfunctions are the key physiological endophenotypes …

Small non-coding RNAs (sncRNAs) are pervasive regulators of physiological and
pathological processes. We previously developed the human miRNA Tissue Atlas, detailing …

Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) have been re-named as disorders of gut-brain
interactions. These conditions are not only common in clinical practice, but also in the …

With the development of high-throughput DNA sequencing and molecular analysis
technologies, next-generation probiotics (NGPs) are increasingly gaining attention as live …

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) spans a range of chronic conditions affecting the
gastrointestinal (GI) tract, which are marked by intermittent flare-ups and remissions. IBD …

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic non-specific inflammatory bowel disease, which usually
manifests as abdominal pain, diarrhea and hematochezia. The disease often recurs and is …

Tight junction (TJ) is a “zippering up” junction structure located at the uppermost portion of
adjacent epithelial/endothelial cells in organs and tissues. TJs maintain the relative stability …

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a complex multifactorial condition including alterations of
the gut–brain axis, intestinal permeability, mucosal neuro-immune interactions, and …