Advanced treatments based on immune system manipulation, gene transcription and
regulation, specific organ and cell targeting, and/or photon energy conversion have …

Inflammation-associated diseases encompass a range of infectious diseases and non-
infectious inflammatory diseases, which continuously pose one of the most serious threats to …

Infiltration of inflammatory cells, especially the M1 macrophages that secrete various types of
inflammation cytokines, play crucial roles in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) …

Polysaccharides have attracted considerable attention in a broad range of applications in
recent years, which is due to their remarkable features such as biocompatibility …

As a natural polysaccharide, dextran and its derivatives have gained great attention in the
development of delivery systems for pharmaceutical and medical applications. In recent …

Despite the remarkable advances in therapeutics for rheumatoid arthritis (RA), a large
number of patients still lack effective countermeasures. Recently, the reprogramming of …

Immunotherapy has emerged as an effective strategy for the prevention and treatment of a
variety of diseases, including cancer, infectious diseases, inflammatory diseases, and …

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) causes a huge medical burden due to its high morbidity and
disability rate. Emerging evidences demonstrate that RA has a tumor-like microenvironment …

Tissue engineering strategies for treating bone loss to date have largely focused on
targeting stem cells or vascularization. Immune cells, including macrophages and T cells …

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a debilitating autoimmune disease with grave physical,
emotional and socioeconomic consequences. Despite advances in targeted biologic and …