Historically, the thalamus has been viewed as little more than a relay, simply transferring
information to key players of the cast, the cortex and hippocampus, without providing any …

Deficits in cognition are a core feature of many psychiatric conditions, including
schizophrenia, where the severity of such deficits is a strong predictor of long-term outcome …

The prefrontal cortex makes up almost a quarter of the human brain, and it expanded
dramatically during primate evolution. The Neurobiology of the Prefrontal Cortex presents a …

Recent evidence from monkey models of cognition shows that the magnocellular
subdivision of the mediodorsal thalamus (MDmc) is more critical for learning new …

The orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) is crucial for changing established behaviour in the face of
unexpected outcomes. This function has been attributed to the role of the OFC in response …

Dense amnesia can result from damage to the medial diencephalon in humans and in
animals. In humans this damage is diffuse and can include the mediodorsal nuclei of the …

The mediodorsal nucleus of the thalamus (MD) has been implicated in executive functions
(such as planning, cognitive control, working memory, and decision-making) because of its …

The mediodorsal thalamus (MD) and anterior thalamic nuclei (ATN) are two adjacent brain
nodes that support our ability to make decisions, learn, update information, form and retrieve …

Executive control, the ability to organize thoughts and action plans in real time, is a defining
feature of higher cognition. Classical theories have emphasized cortical contributions to this …

The prefrontal cortex (PFC) has a complex relationship with the thalamus, involving many
nuclei which occupy predominantly medial zones along its anterior-to-posterior extent …