Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease that exhibits significant clinical
heterogeneity. There are various treatments for rheumatoid arthritis, including disease …

Periodontitis and diabetes are two major global health problems despite their prevalence
being significantly underreported and underestimated. Both epidemiological and …

Interactions between colonizing microbiota and the host have been fully confirmed, among
which the tongue-coating microbiota have a moderate rate of renewal and disease …

Periodontal disease is an inflammatory and destructive disease of tissues supporting the
tooth. A large number of studies have confirmed that periodontal pathogens and their …

Gut microbiota play many important roles, such as the regulation of immunity and barrier
function in the intestine, and are crucial for maintaining homeostasis in living organisms. The …

Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) is a primary oral pathogen in the widespread biofilm-induced
“chronic” multi-systems inflammatory disease (s) including Alzheimer's disease (AD). It is …

Atherosclerosis (AS), one of the most common types of cardiovascular disease, has initially
been attributed to the accumulation of fats and fibrous materials. However, more and more …

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been recognized as a universal method of cellular
communications and are reportedly produced in bacteria, archaea, and eukaryotes …

Periodontal disease has been suggested to be linked to adverse pregnancy outcomes such
as preterm birth, low birth weight, and preeclampsia. Adverse pregnancy outcomes are a …

Procyanidins, as a kind of dietary flavonoid, have excellent pharmacological properties,
such as antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor properties, and so they …