The gastrointestinal tract and liver comprise key components of the equine digestive system
and together have important functions in metabolism, digestion, detoxification, and …

Lyme borreliosis or Lyme disease is the most frequently reported tick-borne disease in the
Northern Hemisphere. In countries of the Southern Hemisphere, such as Brazil, since the …

Borrelia burgdorferi infection is common in horses living in Lyme endemic areas and the
geographic range for exposure is increasing. Morbidity after B. burgdorferi infection in …

Introduction Lyme disease (LD) is caused by infection with the bacteria Borrelia burgdorferi
sensu lato (Bb) through the bite of an infected Ixodes spp. tick. LD has emerged as a public …

Abstract Introduction: Horses (Equus caballus) are susceptible to tick-borne diseases. Two
of them, Lyme borreliosis due to Borrelia burgdorferi and granulocytic anaplasmosis due to …

Over the years, analytical chemistry and immunology have contributed significantly to the
field of clinical diagnosis by introducing quantitative techniques that can detect crucial and …

OBJECTIVE To determine the prevalence of Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Borrelia
burgdorferi infections in Pennsylvania horses. ANIMALS 271 horses. PROCEDURES A …

Background Recently, the blacklegged tick (Ixodes scapularis), which is the vector of
Borrelia burgdorferi, has undergone a range expansion from the northeastern and mid‐west …

Point-of-care testing (POCT) refers to benchtop diagnostic modalities that have been
translated into portable and easy-to-use formats suitable for patient-side use. Recent …

The foundational work of sport horse practice is evaluating soundness and performance,
defining and correcting unsoundness noted on physical examination, and returning the …