Objectives Identifying infection aetiology is essential for appropriate antibiotic use. Previous
studies have shown that a host-protein signature consisting of TNF-related apoptosis …

Abstract Purpose of Review While antibiotics have been a staple in the management and
even prevention of urinary tract infections (UTIs), it is not without significant consequences …

Background It has been estimated that 20% of the tests and therapies currently prescribed in
North America are likely unnecessary, add no value, and may even cause harm. The …

OBJECTIVES The health care system faces ongoing challenges due to low-value care.
Building on the first pediatric hospital medicine contribution to the American Board of …

Objectives To develop a tool for quantifying health disparity (Health Disparity Index [HDI])
and explore hospital variation measured by this index using chest radiography (CXR) in …

Methods Methods were similar to our previous overuse reviews 8–11 and consisted of 2
strategies of article collection:(1) a structured Medline search, and (2) a manual table of …

RESULTS Overall, we identified 201 articles pertaining to pediatric medical overuse (Fig 1).
For the manual table of content review, 4559 articles were reviewed, and 195 (4%) articles …

METHODS: Preplanned secondary analysis of 2 randomized placebo-controlled trials in
children 3–48 months of age was conducted in 16 emergency departments in North America …

Wisely campaign and the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) specifically target medical
overuse for children with bronchiolitis in an effort to improve value of medical care for the …

Background The Strategy of the Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI) was
introduced in Central Asia and Europe to address the absence of evidence-based …