Background: Antihypertensive treatment is based on randomized controlled trials (RCTs)
started since 1966. Meta-analyses comprehensive of all RCTs but limited to RCTs …

(AHA) scientific statement “Treatment of Hypertension in the Prevention and Management of
Ischemic Heart Disease: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association …

Introduction: Chronic kidney disease as a public health problem. Chronic kidney disease is
a worldwide public health problem. In the United States, there is a rising incidence and …

● The risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in patients with chronic renal disease (CRD)
appears to be far greater than in the general population. For example, among patients …

Background Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is defined as reduced function of the kidneys
present for 3 months or longer with adverse implications for health and survival. For several …

Hypertension is a frequent, chronic, age-related disorder, which often entails debilitating
cardiovascular and renal complications. Blood pressure is usually noted in combination with …

Over 11 million Americans have both diabetes and hypertension—comorbid diseases that
strongly predispose people to both renal as well as cardiovascular (CV) injury. Hypertension …

Background Reducing the actions of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system with
angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) slows nephropathy progression in …

Insights into end-stage renal disease have emerged from many investigations but less is
known about the epidemiology of chronic renal insufficiency (CRI) and its relationship to …

Predictors of the progression of renal disease in the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease
Study. The Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) Study examined the effects of …