Biology spans a continuum of length and time scales. Individual experimental methods only
glimpse discrete pieces of this spectrum but can be combined to construct a more holistic …

Sperm motility is crucial to reproductive success in sexually reproducing organisms.
Impaired sperm movement causes male infertility, which is increasing globally. Sperm are …

Sperm motility is crucial for successful fertilization. Highly decorated doublet microtubules
(DMTs) form the sperm tail skeleton, which propels the movement of spermatozoa. Using …

Dynein, an ancient microtubule-based motor protein, performs diverse cellular functions in
nearly all eukaryotic cells, with the exception of land plants. It has evolved into three …

Cilia are hairlike protrusions that project from the surface of eukaryotic cells and play key
roles in cell signaling and motility. Ciliary motility is regulated by the conserved nexin-dynein …

Cilia are essential organelles that protrude from the cell body. Cilia are made of a
microtubule-based structure called the axoneme. In most types of cilia, the ciliary tip is …

Motility of pathogenic protozoa depends on flagella (synonymous with cilia) with axonemes
containing nine doublet microtubules (DMTs) and two singlet microtubules. Microtubule …

The molecular mechanism underlying asymmetric axonemal complexes in sperm flagella is
still largely unknown. Here, we showed that the knockout of the coiled-coil domain …

Reproduction, development and homeostasis depend on motile cilia, whose rhythmic
beating is powered by a microtubule-based molecular machine called the axoneme …

Mastigonemes are thread-like structures adorning the flagella of protists. In Chlamydomonas
reinhardtii, filamentous mastigonemes find their roots in the flagella's distal region …