Major brain functions depend on neuronal processes that favor the plasticity of neuronal
circuits while at the same time maintaining their stability. The mechanisms that regulate …

Structural plasticity occurs physiologically or after brain damage to adapt or re-establish
proper synaptic connections. This capacity depends on several intrinsic and extrinsic …

Introduction The level of the presynaptic protein growth‐associated protein 43 (GAP‐43) in
cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) has previously been shown to be increased in Alzheimer's disease …

Cerebral ischemia activates an endogenous repair program that induces plastic changes in
neurons. In this study, we investigated the effects of environmental enrichment on spatial …

The adult mammalian central nervous system has a limited ability to establish new
connections and to recover from traumatic or degenerative events. The olivo-cerebellar …

Background Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers reflect ongoing processes in the brain.
Growth-associated protein 43 (GAP-43) is highly upregulated in brain tissue shortly after …

Abstract Growth-associated protein-43 (GAP-43) is a presynaptic protein that plays key roles
in axonal growth and guidance and in modulating synapse formation. Previous work has …

Structural changes that alter hippocampal functional circuitry are implicated in learning
impairments, mood disorders and epilepsy. Reorganization of mossy fiber (MF) axons from …

Di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) cause significant deficits in cognition and memory, however the
neuroanatomical basis for impairments remain poorly understood. This study evaluates …

Previously we demonstrated that mildronate [3-(2, 2, 2-trimethylhydrazinium) propionate
dihydrate], a representative of the aza-butyrobetaine class of compounds, protects …