Cancer development and progression occurs in concert with alterations in the surrounding
stroma. Cancer cells can functionally sculpt their microenvironment through the secretion of …

The immune system and cancer have a complex relationship with the immune system
playing a dual role in tumor development. The effector cells of the immune system can …

Breast cancer, the most common type of cancer affecting women, encompasses a collection
of histologic (mainly ductal and lobular) and molecular subtypes exhibiting diverse clinical …

Simple Summary The relationship between the immune system and tumours is currently one
of the most studied topics in the field of cancer. Previously, it was thought that a tumour could …

The tumour microenvironment is the primary location in which tumour cells and the host
immune system interact. Different immune cell subsets are recruited into the tumour …

Dendritic cells (DCs) play a central role in the regulation of the balance between CD8 T cell
immunity vs. tolerance to tumor antigens. Cross-priming, a process which DCs activate CD8 …

Simple Summary Tumors are not masses of cancer cells alone but made up of cancer cells,
other cells including fibroblasts, macrophages, endothelial cells, as well as secreted factors …

The tumor microenvironment (TME) is an integral part of cancer. Recognition of the essential
nature of the TME in cancer evolution has led to a shift from a tumor cell-centered view of …

Distinct tumor microenvironment forms in each progression step of cancer and has diverse
capacities to induce both adverse and beneficial consequences for tumorigenesis. It is now …

The use of inhibitory checkpoint blockade in the management of glioblastoma has been
studied in both preclinical and clinical settings. TIGIT is a novel checkpoint inhibitor recently …