Pheromones were identified as chemical signals used for intraspecific communication in
insects (eg, sexual attraction) in the 1950s. However, only almost 40 years later the …

Vertebrates develop an olfactory system that detects odorants and pheromones through
their interaction with specialized cell surface receptors on olfactory sensory neurons. During …

In mammals and other tetrapods, a multinuclear forebrain structure, called the amygdala,
forms the neuroregulatory core essential for emotion, cognition, and social behavior …

Chemical cues and pheromones guide decisions in organisms throughout the animal
kingdom. The neurobiology, function, and evolution of olfaction are particularly well …

Extant anuran amphibians originate from an evolutionary intersection eventually leading to
fully terrestrial tetrapods. In many ways, they have to deal with exposure to both terrestrial …

Sensorimotor transformation is one of the most fundamental and ubiquitous functions of the
central nervous system (CNS). Although the general organization of the locomotor neural …

Steroids play vital roles in animal physiology across species, and the production of specific
steroids is associated with particular internal biological functions. The internal functions of …

Fish chemosensory olfactory receptors allow them to detect a wide range of water-soluble
chemicals, that mediate fundamental behaviours. Zebrafish possess a well-developed …

Lampreys, together with hagfishes, are the only extant representatives of the oldest branch
of vertebrates, the agnathans, which are the sister group of gnathostomes; therefore, studies …

Olfactory sensory neurons innervate the olfactory bulb, where responses to different
odorants generate a chemotopic map of increased neural activity within different bulbar …