Phytohormones participate in various processes over the course of a plant's lifecycle. In
addition to the five classical phytohormones (auxins, cytokinins, gibberellins, abscisic acid …

Plants maintain the ability to form lateral appendages throughout their life cycle and form
leaves as the principal lateral appendages of the stem. Leaves initiate at the peripheral zone …

The development of plant leaves follows a common basic program that is flexible and is
adjusted according to species, developmental stage and environmental circumstances …

Through its photosynthetic capacity the leaf provides the basis for growth of the whole plant.
In order to improve crops for higher productivity and resistance for future climate scenarios, it …

Developmental age is a strong determinant of stress responses in plants. Differential
susceptibility to various environmental stresses is widely observed at both the organ and …

The bulk polar movement of the plant signaling molecule auxin through the stem is a long-
recognized but poorly understood phenomenon. Here we show that the highly polar, high …

Substantial diversity exists for both the size and shape of the leaf, the main photosynthetic
organ of flowering plants. The two major forms of leaf are simple leaves, in which the leaf …

Leaves, the primary plant organs that function in photosynthesis and respiration, have highly
organized, flat structures that vary within and among species. In recent years, it has become …

Mineral nutrition is one of the key environmental factors determining plant development and
growth. Nitrate is the major form of macronutrient nitrogen that plants take up from the soil …

Plants master the art of coping with environmental challenges in two ways: on the one hand,
through their extensive defense systems, and on the other, by their developmental plasticity …