Understanding the value of reducing greenhouse-gas emissions matters for policy decisions
and climate risk management, but quantification is challenging because of the complex …

Highlights•We review relevance and meaning of positive tipping points (PTPs) to assess the
required transformations for achieving the 2–1.5 C target.•A procedural synthesis is …

Current policies and actions make it very likely, at least temporarily, to overshoot the Paris
climate targets of 1.5–< 2.0° C above pre-industrial levels. If this global warming range is …

Chapter 3 takes a long-term perspective on climate change mitigation pathways. Its focus is
on the implications of long-term targets for the required short-and medium-term system …

Estimates of the social cost of carbon are the yardstick for climate policy targets. However,
there is great uncertainty and we do not know how estimates have evolved over time. Here I …

Estimates of climate change damage are central to the design of climate policies. Here, we
develop a flexible architecture for computing damages that integrates climate science …

Geophysicists examine and document the repercussions for the earth's climate induced by
alternative emission scenarios and model specifications. Using simplified approximations …

There exists a range of subsystems in the climate system exhibiting threshold behaviour
which could be triggered under global warming within this century resulting in severe …

The interplay between climate policy uncertainty and stock market performance has
emerged as a pressing research question in light of the challenges posed by climate change …

Climate change poses an important policy challenge for governments around the world. The
challenge is made all that much more difficult because of the multitude of potential …