Space weather effects in the Earth's radiation belts

DN Baker, PJ Erickson, JF Fennell, JC Foster… - Space Science …, 2018 - Springer
The first major scientific discovery of the Space Age was that the Earth is enshrouded in
toroids, or belts, of very high-energy magnetically trapped charged particles. Early …

Complex systems methods characterizing nonlinear processes in the near-earth electromagnetic environment: Recent advances and open challenges

G Balasis, MA Balikhin, SC Chapman… - Space Science …, 2023 - Springer
Learning from successful applications of methods originating in statistical mechanics,
complex systems science, or information theory in one scientific field (eg, atmospheric …

The physics of space weather/solar-terrestrial physics (STP): what we know now and what the current and future challenges are

BT Tsurutani, GS Lakhina, R Hajra - Nonlinear Processes in …, 2020 - npg.copernicus.org
Major geomagnetic storms are caused by unusually intense solar wind southward magnetic
fields that impinge upon the Earth's magnetosphere (Dungey, 1961). How can we predict the …

On the storm‐time evolution of relativistic electron phase space density in Earth's outer radiation belt

DL Turner, V Angelopoulos, W Li… - Journal of …, 2013 - Wiley Online Library
We report on internal, magnetospheric processes related to markedly different storm‐time
responses of phase space density (PSD) in invariant coordinates corresponding to …

Discovery of the action of a geophysical synchrotron in the Earth's Van Allen radiation belts

IR Mann, EA Lee, SG Claudepierre, JF Fennell… - Nature …, 2013 - nature.com
Abstract Although the Earth's Van Allen radiation belts were discovered over 50 years ago,
the dominant processes responsible for relativistic electron acceleration, transport and loss …

Information theoretical approach to discovering solar wind drivers of the outer radiation belt

S Wing, JR Johnson, E Camporeale… - Journal of Geophysical …, 2016 - Wiley Online Library
The solar wind‐magnetosphere system is nonlinear. The solar wind drivers of
geosynchronous electrons with energy range of 1.8–3.5 MeV are investigated using mutual …

Differentiating between the leading processes for electron radiation belt acceleration

S Lejosne, HJ Allison, LW Blum, AY Drozdov… - Frontiers in astronomy …, 2022 - frontiersin.org
Many spacecraft fly within or through a natural and variable particle accelerator powered by
the coupling between the magnetosphere and the solar wind: the Earth's radiation belts …

Medium energy electron flux in earth's outer radiation belt (MERLIN): A machine learning model

AG Smirnov, M Berrendorf, YY Shprits… - Space …, 2020 - Wiley Online Library
The radiation belts of the Earth, filled with energetic electrons, comprise complex and
dynamic systems that pose a significant threat to satellite operation. While various models of …

What magnetospheric and ionospheric researchers should know about the solar wind

JE Borovsky - Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics, 2020 - Elsevier
Multiple properties of the solar wind that affect the earth are summarized in this overview. 13
specific solar-wind parameters that influence geomagnetic activity, the plasma sheet, the …

A new population of ultra‐relativistic electrons in the outer radiation zone

YY Shprits, HJ Allison, D Wang… - Journal of …, 2022 - Wiley Online Library
Abstract Van Allen Probes measurements revealed the presence of the most unusual
structures in the ultra‐relativistic radiation belts. Detailed modeling, analysis of pitch angle …