Context Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is the surgical standard for treating large or
complex renal stones. Since its inception, the technique of PCNL has undergone many …

Nephrolithiasis is highly prevalent across all demographic groups in the Western world and
beyond, and its incidence rates are rising. In addition to the morbidity of the acute event …

Purpose: This Guideline is intended to provide a clinical framework for the surgical
management of patients with kidney and/or ureteral stones. The summary presented herein …

Background The benefits of removing small (≤ 6 mm), asymptomatic kidney stones
endoscopically is unknown. Current guidelines leave such decisions to the urologist and the …

Background Retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) is the main treatments for upper urinary
tract stones. The Ureteral Access Sheath (UAS) serves as a supplementary tool, facilitating …

Purpose: Fragments 4 mm or smaller after ureteroscopy historically have been considered
clinically insignificant but there is a reported 20% event rate on followup even with stones 4 …

Abstract Background and Purpose: Percutaneous nephrostolithotomy (PCNL) is the current
standard of care for management of large renal stones (> 2 cm). Recent studies have …

Purpose Contemporary predictive tools for percutaneous nephrolithotomy outcomes include
the Guy stone score, STONE nephrolithometry and the CROES nephrolithometric …

Flexible ureteroscopy (URS) is increasingly being used as the first-line treatment for patients
with renal stones. Despite this increase in use, substantial variations exist in the reported …

Context No algorithm exists for structured follow-up of urolithiasis patients. Objective To
provide a discharge time point during follow-up of urolithiasis patients after treatment …