The complexity of morphogenesis poses a fundamental challenge to understanding the
mechanisms governing the formation of biological patterns and structures. Over the past …

Abstract Knowledge about established breast carcinogens can support improved and
modernized toxicological testing methods by identifying key mechanistic events. Ionizing …

There are differential risk relationships between parity and breast cancer according to
estrogen receptor (ER) status, with an increased risk of ER− disease reduced by …

Adult stem cells and tumor-initiating cells (TICs) often employ different mechanisms of DNA
damage response (DDR) as compared to other tissue cell types. However, little is known …

Background: Menarche is a critical time point for diverging fates of mammary cells of origin.
African American women have young age at menarche, which could be associated with their …

Telomeres are nucleoprotein complexes comprised of tandem arrays of repetitive DNA
sequence that serve to protect chromosomal termini from inappropriate degradation, as well …

Tumor growth from a single transformed cancer cell up to a clinically apparent mass spans
many spatial and temporal orders of magnitude. Implementation of cellular automata …

Central to the debate about cancer stem cells in solid tumors is the proportion of cells that
can initiate, propagate, and re-initiate tumors. An initially assumed minor subpopulation is …

Embryonic morphogenesis is a biological process which depicts shape forming of tissues
and organs during development. Unveiling the roles of mechanical forces generated …

Translating fundamental biological discoveries from NASA Space Biology program into
health risk from space flights has been an ongoing challenge. We propose to use NASA …