Significant experimental, computational, and theoretical work has identified rich structure
within the coordinated activity of interconnected neural populations. An emerging challenge …

A major shift is happening within neurophysiology: a population doctrine is drawing level
with the single-neuron doctrine that has long dominated the field. Population-level ideas …

Animals of the same species exhibit similar behaviours that are advantageously adapted to
their body and environment. These behaviours are shaped at the species level by selection …

A central goal of neuroscience is to understand the representations formed by brain activity
patterns and their connection to behaviour. The classic approach is to investigate how …

The analysis of neural dynamics in several brain cortices has consistently uncovered low-
dimensional manifolds that capture a significant fraction of neural variability. These neural …

Neural activity is often described in terms of population-level factors extracted from the
responses of many neurons. Factors provide a lower-dimensional description with the aim of …

Primate motor cortex projects to spinal interneurons and motoneurons, suggesting that
motor cortex activity may be dominated by muscle-like commands. Observations during …

Statistical regularities in the environment create prior beliefs that we rely on to optimize our
behavior when sensory information is uncertain. Bayesian theory formalizes how prior …

Neural mechanisms that support flexible sensorimotor computations are not well
understood. In a dynamical system whose state is determined by interactions among …

Principal component analysis (PCA) is a dimensionality reduction method that is known for
being simple and easy to interpret. Principal components are often interpreted as low …