Despite advances in the new science of connectomics, which aims to comprehensively map
neural connections at both structural and functional levels, techniques to directly study the …

The classical dogma of localizationism implicitly resulted in the principle of a similar brain
functional anatomy between individuals, as for example the pars opercularis of the left …

Neurology, especially aphasiology, was mainly built on behavioral-structural correlations
(“lesion method”). In this setting, Broca's area has been considered as the “speech area”; …

We herein propose an atlas of 32 sentence-related areas based on a 3-step method
combining the analysis of activation and asymmetry during multiple language tasks with …

The exact nature of the role of Broca's area in control of speech and whether it is exerted at
the cognitive or at the motor level is still debated. Intraoperative evidence of a lack of motor …

Direct electrical stimulation (DES) of the human brain has been used by neurosurgeons for
almost a century. Although this procedure serves only clinical purposes, it generates data …

Objectives To determine whether high-frequency 250–500 Hz monopolar stimulation is
effective for mapping cortical and subcortical language structures during brain tumor …

OBJECTIVE Speech arrest is a common but crucial negative motor response (NMR)
recorded during intraoperative brain mapping. However, recent studies have reported …

In this review, we evaluate the knowledge gained so far about the neural bases of
multilingual language processing obtained mainly through imaging and electrical …

The demand for acquiring different languages has increased with increasing globalization.
However, knowledge of the modification of the new language in the neural language …