T cells are crucial for immune functions to maintain health and prevent disease. T cell
development occurs in a stepwise process in the thymus and mainly generates CD4+ and …

T lymphocytes, the major effector cells in cellular immunity, produce cytokines in immune
responses to mediate inflammation and regulate other types of immune cells. Work in the …

The microbiota modulates gut immune homeostasis. Bacteria influence the development
and function of host immune cells, including T helper cells expressing interleukin-17A (TH17 …

The immune system is highly time-of-day dependent. Pioneering studies in the 1960s were
the first to identify immune responses to be under a circadian control. Only in the last …

Interleukin-23 (IL-23) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine composed of two subunits, IL-23A (p19)
and IL-12/23B (p40), the latter shared with Interleukin-12 (IL-12). IL-23 is mainly produced …

Balanced immunity is pivotal for health and homeostasis. CD4+ helper T (Th) cells are
central to the balance between immune tolerance and immune rejection. Th cells adopt …

Abstract IL-17-producing T helper (Th17) cells have been implicated in the pathogenesis of
many inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Targeting the effector cytokines IL-17 and …

Innate immunity represents the semi-specific first line of defense and provides the initial host
response to tissue injury, trauma, and pathogens. Innate immunity activates the adaptive …

CD4+ T helper cells are key regulators of host health and disease. In the original model,
specialized subsets of T helper cells are generated following activation through lineage …

RORγt, the master transcription factor for cytokine interleukin (IL)-17, is expressed explicitly
in Th17 cells, γδT cells, and type 3 innate lymphoid cells in mice and humans. Since …