Over the past two decades, the diagnosis rate for patients with encephalitis has remained
poor despite advances in pathogen-specific testing such as PCR and antigen assays …

Following viral infection, viral antigens bind specifically to receptors on the surface of
lymphocytes thereby activating adaptive immunity in the host. An epitope, the smallest …

Metagenomic next-generation sequencing is a novel diagnostic test with the potential to
revolutionize the diagnosis of pediatric meningitis and encephalitis through unbiased …

Simple Summary Determining the exposure or infection history of a person to a multitude of
viruses is not an easy task. Typically, antibody tests detect antibodies against proteins …

Importance While the typical onset of multiple sclerosis (MS) occurs in early adulthood, 2%
to 10% of cases initially present prior to age 18 years, and approximately 5% after age 50 …

Natural infection of SARS-CoV-2 in humans leads to the development of a strong
neutralizing antibody response, however the immunodominant targets of the polyclonal …

Background: Central nervous system (CNS) infection is associated with high rates of
morbidity and mortality, and despite advancements in molecular testing, aseptic meningitis …

New circulating Enterovirus (EV) strains often emerge through recombination. Upsurges of
recombinant non-polio enteroviruses (NPEVs) associated with neurologic manifestations …

Viral encephalitis has been closely associated with the later development of
neurodegenerative diseases and persistent viral infections of the CNS can result in severe …

There is growing recognition of the diversity of viruses that can infect the cells of the central
nervous system (CNS). While the majority of CNS infections are successfully cleared by the …