Objective. The optimal treatment of children with empyema remains controversial. The
purpose of this review was to compare reported results of nonoperative and primary …

Abstract Characterization of seasonal variation of Staphylococcus aureus is important in
understanding the epidemiology of, and designing preventive strategies against this highly …

This guideline has assessed available evidence and attempted to gauge consensus opinion
where evidence is unavailable. The lack of paediatric data, in particular from randomised …

In countries with widespread immunization with the Hib conjugate vaccine, the frequency of
Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) infection, including pneumonia, has plummeted. 30 …

By contrast with high-income countries, Staphylococcus aureus disease ranks low on the
public-health agenda in low-income countries. We undertook a literature review of S aureus …

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Parapneumonic empyema (PPE) is a frequent
complication of acute bacterial pneumonia in children. There is limited evidence regarding …

Background An increasing incidence of parapneumonic effusion and pleural empyema
(PPE/PE) has been reported in recent studies. As only few data on etiology of PPE/PE in …

Antimicrobial resistance has increased drastically in recent years in the developing
countries, and it has rapidly become a leading public health concern. The prevalence of …

Background Pleural empyema is a collection of pus between the lungs and the chest wall.
There is debate about treatment options with the advent of both fibrinolytic enzymes to …

The incidence of empyema complicating community‐acquired pneumonia is increasing and
causes significant childhood morbidity. Pneumococcal infection remains the most common …