Biological membranes are tricky to investigate. They are complex in terms of molecular
composition and structure, functional over a wide range of time scales, and characterized by …

Much evidence has accumulated in the literature over the last fifteen years that indicates
vitamin A has a role in metabolic disease prevention and causation. This literature proposes …

Cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM) is widely used to study biological macromolecules
that comprise regions with disorder, flexibility or partial occupancy. For example, membrane …

This article describes the implementation of real-space refinement in the phenix.
real_space_refine program from the PHENIX suite. The use of a simplified refinement target …

Retinol binding protein 4 (RBP4) is a member of the lipocalin family and the major transport
protein of the hydrophobic molecule retinol, also known as vitamin A, in the circulation …

Membrane proteins are highly diverse in both structure and function and can, therefore,
present different challenges for structure determination. They are biologically important for …

We present a strategy for tackling preferred specimen orientation in single-particle cryogenic
electron microscopy by employing tilts during data collection. We also describe a tool to …

Carotenoids exert a rich variety of physiological functions in mammals and are beneficial for
human health. These lipids are acquired from the diet and metabolized to apocarotenoids …

To study integral membrane proteins, one has to extract them from the membrane—the step
that is typically achieved by the application of detergents. In this mini-review, we summarize …

The brain exchanges nutrients and small molecules with blood via the blood–brain barrier
(BBB). Approximately 20% energy intake for the body is consumed by the brain. Glucose is …