Shale gas, although unconventional, is a prospective clean energy source. Shale gas
production is a complex multi-scale process with its spatial size ranging from the nanoscale …

The hydrocarbon resources of shale gas and tight oil have made a significant impact on
North American energy reserves over the past decade. The production of so-called …

Supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO 2) fracturing is a promising technology for developing
shale gas because it can effectively solve problems related to shale swelling and lack of …

As a clean fossil fuel with great reserves, natural gas hydrate (NGH) is widely regarded as
an important future alternative energy source. NGH is widely distributed in onshore tundra …

Successful stimulation of shale gas reservoirs by hydraulic fracturing operations requires
prospective rocks characterized by high brittleness to prevent fast healing of natural and …

Understanding the transport of hydraulic fracturing (HF) fluid that is injected into the deep
subsurface for shale gas extraction is important to ensure that shallow drinking water …

This book is devoted to describing theories for porous media where such pores have an
inbuilt macro structure and a micro structure. For example, a double porosity material has …

The mechanical properties and fracturing mechanism of shale containing beddings are
critically important in shale gas exploitation and wellbore stability. To investigate the effects …

As one of the key technologies for hot dry rock (HDR) geothermal exploitation, artificial
reservoir is giant hydraulic fracturing at its core and takes the theory of hydraulic fracturing of …

In this paper, a new numerical simulation tool named TOUGH-FEMM is presented and
applied to model three-dimensional (3D) hydraulic fracturing in porous rock. The fluid flow in …