The last few decades have witnessed unprecedented convergence between humans and
machines that closely operate around the human body. Despite these advances, traditional …

Hydrogels are polymer networks infiltrated with water. Many biological hydrogels in animal
bodies such as muscles, heart valves, cartilages, and tendons possess extreme mechanical …

The traditional two-dimensional (2D) in vitro cell culture system (on a flat support) has long
been used in cancer research. However, this system cannot be fully translated into clinical …

Owing to their unique chemical and physical properties, hydrogels are attracting increasing
attention in both basic and translational biomedical studies. Although the classical hydrogels …

In situ tissue regeneration harnesses the body's regenerative potential to control cell
functions for tissue repair. The design of biomaterials for in situ tissue engineering requires …

Matrigel, a basement-membrane matrix extracted from Engelbreth–Holm–Swarm mouse
sarcomas, has been used for more than four decades for a myriad of cell-culture …

Hydrogels are polymeric networks having the ability to absorb a large volume of water.
Flexibility, versatility, stimuli-responsive, soft structure are the advantages of hydrogels. It is …

Hydrogel scaffolds that can repair or regrow damaged biological tissue have great potential
for the treatment of injury and disease. These biomaterials are widely used in the tissue …

Hydrogel delivery systems can leverage therapeutically beneficial outcomes of drug delivery
and have found clinical use. Hydrogels can provide spatial and temporal control over the …

The cell microenvironment has emerged as a key determinant of cell behavior and function
in development, physiology, and pathophysiology. The extracellular matrix (ECM) within the …