The transformer-based language models, including vanilla transformer, BERT and GPT-3,
have achieved revolutionary breakthroughs in the field of natural language processing …

Question Answering (QA) targets answering questions defined in natural language.
Question Answering Systems offer an automated approach to procuring solutions to queries …

Recently, Question answering system is a major research area in language processing.
Bengali isone of the most popular spoken languages in India. Still, it has faced difficulties in …

This book is the result of a multidisciplinary journey during the last few years of my career.
As an Electrical Engineer, who did his dissertation on Electromagnetic Field Theory, I found …

Tsetlin machines (TMs) are a pattern recognition approach that uses finite state machines for
learning and propositional logic to represent patterns. In addition to being natively …

Educational institutions are creating more and more programs and developing new
techniques to identify and select the right students. Many universities started to develop their …

Question answering systems (QAS) are developed to answer questions presented in natural
language by extracting the answer. The development of QAS is aimed at making the Web …

Through the investigation and study of on-line learning platform in China, it was found that
the on-line question answering system between learners and teachers on the on-line …

One of the most popular guidelines used to write and evaluate the exam questions is
Bloom's Taxonomy (BT). Since the past recent years, many researchers have worked on the …

An automatic web based Question Answering (QA) system is a valuable tool for improving e-
learning and education. Several approaches employ natural language processing …